The Internet blackout was first noticed by NetBlocks, an organisation that tracks global cybersecurity and digital governance.

NetBlocks highlighted a near-total internet blackout in Iran starting from June 18, 2025, linked to escalating military tensions with Israel, including missile strikes, with data showing that internet connectivity in the country had dropped to 3%, a pattern consistent with intentional government shutdowns as noted by BBC Verify's analysis of Netblocks' live network data.

Iran has accused Israel of launching a large-scale cyberattack on its digital infrastructure. According to Iran's semi-official Fars News Agency and state-run IRIB News, Israel initiated a "massive cyber war" targeting the country's critical infrastructure, including banking and online services, as reported on June 17, 2025. Iran's Cyber Command claimed that many of these attacks were successfully repelled.

Additionally, a pro-Israel hacking group, Predatory Sparrow (Gonjeshke Darande), claimed responsibility for a cyberattack on Iran's Bank Sepah, causing widespread disruptions to ATMs, online transactions, and payment processing, which aligns with Iran's accusations.
The Internet blackout was first noticed by NetBlocks, an organisation that tracks global cybersecurity and digital governance. NetBlocks highlighted a near-total internet blackout in Iran starting from June 18, 2025, linked to escalating military tensions with Israel, including missile strikes, with data showing that internet connectivity in the country had dropped to 3%, a pattern consistent with intentional government shutdowns as noted by BBC Verify's analysis of Netblocks' live network data. Iran has accused Israel of launching a large-scale cyberattack on its digital infrastructure. According to Iran's semi-official Fars News Agency and state-run IRIB News, Israel initiated a "massive cyber war" targeting the country's critical infrastructure, including banking and online services, as reported on June 17, 2025. Iran's Cyber Command claimed that many of these attacks were successfully repelled. Additionally, a pro-Israel hacking group, Predatory Sparrow (Gonjeshke Darande), claimed responsibility for a cyberattack on Iran's Bank Sepah, causing widespread disruptions to ATMs, online transactions, and payment processing, which aligns with Iran's accusations.
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